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التدخين الإلكتروني يزيد من مخاطر الإصابة بأمراض الجهاز التنفسي - Algerian Express

التدخين الإلكتروني يزيد من مخاطر الإصابة بأمراض الجهاز التنفسي


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يعاني مستخدمو السجائر الإلكترونية من مخاطر عالية للإصابة بأمراض الجهاز التنفسي، والتي قد تكون مهددة للحياة، وفقا لدراسة جديدة.

ووجد الباحثون أن مستخدمي السجائر الإلكترونية الحاليين يواجهون ارتفاعا بنسبة 43% في مخاطر الإصابة بأمراض الجهاز التنفسي، بينما واجه مستخدمو السجائر الإلكترونية السابقة زيادة بنسبة 21%.

وتعد الدراسة التي أجراها باحثون من كلية الصحة العامة بجامعة بوسطن وكلية الطب في بوسطن، واحدة من أولى الدراسات التي بحثت في السجائر الإلكترونية في عينة كبيرة وصحية من السكان، بشكل مستقل عن استعمال منتجات التبغ الأخرى.

ويقول الدكتور أندرو ستوكس، الأستاذ المساعد للصحة العالمية في كلية الصحة العامة بجامعة بوسطن: “يقدم هذا بعضا من أولى الأدلة المطولة على الأضرار المرتبطة بمنتجات السجائر الإلكترونية”.

وأضاف: “في السنوات الأخيرة، شهدنا زيادة هائلة في استخدام السجائر الإلكترونية بين الشباب، الأمر الذي يهدد بعكس عقود من المكاسب التي تحققت بشق الأنفس بشأن مكافحة التبغ. وتشير هذه الأدلة الجديدة أيضا إلى أننا قد نشهد زيادة في أمراض الجهاز التنفسي مع تقدم الشباب والبالغين في منتصف العمر، بما في ذلك الربو ومرض الانسداد الرئوي المزمن وأمراض الجهاز التنفسي الأخرى”.

وفي هذه الدراسة، استخدم الباحثون بيانات 21618 مشاركا بالغا في الولايات المتحدة، يتمتعون بصحة جيدة، ضمن التقييم السكاني الوطني للتبغ والصحة (PATH)، وهو المسح الوطني الأكثر شمولا للتبغ و والسجائر الألكترونية، حتى الآن.

وحددوا أولئك الذين تم تشخيصهم بأمراض الجهاز التنفسي في الفترة ما بين عامي 2013 و 2018.
وقال الباحثون إنه ضمن المشاركين في الدراسة، لم يستخدم أكثر من 14 ألف، سيجارة إلكترونية أبدا، بينما استخدم أكثر من 5 آلاف مشارك، سيجارة إلكترونية سابقا و2300 يستخدمون السجائر الإلكترونية في وقت إجراء الدراسة.

وأظهرت البيانات أنه من بين مستخدمي السجائر الإلكترونية الحاليين، أصيب 144 بالتهاب الشعب الهوائية المزمن وتم تشخيص 119 مصابا بالربو. وتم تشخيص مرض الانسداد الرئوي المزمن في 94 مستخدما للسجائر الإلكترونية في الدراسة، بينما أصيب 62 مستخدما بانتفاخ الرئة، وفقا للباحثين.

وأظهرت البيانات أن واحدا تقريبا من بين كل خمسة مستخدمين حاليين تم تشخيصه بأحد أمراض الجهاز التنفسي، بينما أصيب 15% من المستخدمين السابقين به. وقال الباحثون إن 10% من أولئك الذين لم يستخدموا السجائر الإلكترونية قط تم تشخيصهم بهذه الأمراض.

وبشكل أكثر تفصيلا، وجدت النتائج، بالتكيف مع المتغيرات والعوامل الديموغرافية، أن استخدام السجائر الإلكترونية سابقا كان مرتبطا بزيادة بنسبة 21% في خطر الإصابة بأمراض الجهاز التنفسي، بينما ارتبط استخدام السجائر الإلكترونية الحالي بزيادة قدرها 43%، وارتبط الاستخدام الحالي للسجائر الإلكترونية بزيادة بنسبة 33% في مخاطر الإصابة بالتهاب الشعب الهوائية المزمن، وزيادة بنسبة 69% في مخاطر انتفاخ الرئة، وزيادة بنسبة 57% في خطر الإصابة بمرض الانسداد الرئوي المزمن، وزيادة بنسبة 31% في مخاطر الإصابة بالربو.

وأوضح ستوكس: “هذه الدراسة هي من بين أولى الأوراق البحثية التي تشير إلى أن استخدام السجائر الإلكترونية قد يؤدي إلى ضرر طويل الأمد للجهاز التنفسي”.

ويتسبب مرض الانسداد الرئوي المزمن في إعاقة تدفق الهواء من الرئتين، بينما يتطور الربو نتيجة لتضييق الشعب الهوائية، وفقا لمؤسسة “مايو كلينك” الطبية.

والتهاب الشعب الهوائية المزمن شائع لدى المدخنين ويجعلهم أكثر عرضة للإصابة بالتهابات الجهاز التنفسي. ويعد انتفاخ الرئة حالة تقدمية، تُشخص أيضا لدى المدخنين، وتؤدي إلى انخفاض سعة الرئة.

وقال ستوكس وزملاؤه إن جميع الحالات المزمنة الأربع تؤدي إلى صعوبة في التنفس ويمكن أن تكون مهددة للحياة، خاصة إذا تُركت دون علاج.

المصدر: medicalxpress

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