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Notice: Function _load_textdomain_just_in_time was called incorrectly. Translation loading for the redux-framework domain was triggered too early. This is usually an indicator for some code in the plugin or theme running too early. Translations should be loaded at the init action or later. Please see Debugging in WordPress for more information. (This message was added in version 6.7.0.) in /home1/express/public_html/wp-includes/functions.php on line 6131

Notice: Function _load_textdomain_just_in_time was called incorrectly. Translation loading for the wp-plugin-hostgator domain was triggered too early. This is usually an indicator for some code in the plugin or theme running too early. Translations should be loaded at the init action or later. Please see Debugging in WordPress for more information. (This message was added in version 6.7.0.) in /home1/express/public_html/wp-includes/functions.php on line 6131

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أبناء الفقراء أفضل في فهم عقول الآخرين.. دراسة توضح - Algerian Express

أبناء الفقراء أفضل في فهم عقول الآخرين.. دراسة توضح


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الجيريان اكسبرس: كشفت دراسة علمية جديدة أن بعض أصحاب السيارات الفاخرة والمنازل الفخمة والملابس الأنيقة ربما لا يمتلكون القدرة على قراءة مشاعر الناس، وأن أفراد الطبقة الدنيا كانوا أفضل في فهم عقول الآخرين، وفقا لما نشرته “ديلي ميل” البريطانية.
واستخدمت الدراسة الأميركية اختبار التعاطف المعرفي المسمى “قراءة العقل عبر العيون”، حيث طُلب من المشاركين من الطبقات الاجتماعية العليا والدنيا تحديد الحالات العاطفية من صور العيون. وأظهرت النتائج أن أفراد الطبقة الدنيا كانوا أفضل في فهم عقول الآخرين مقارنة بنظرائهم من الطبقات الأعلى.

الاحتياج والتعاطف

كما يشير الخبراء إلى أن السبب هو أن الطبقات الاجتماعية الدنيا تميل إلى إعطاء الأولوية لاحتياجات وتفضيلات الآخرين، أي أنها بمعنى آخر تكون أكثر تعاطفاً.

هذا وأجرى الدراسة فريق من جامعة كاليفورنيا في إيرفين، للإجابة عن سؤال: “كيف يؤثر الوصول إلى الموارد (مثل المال والتعليم) على الطريقة التي يعالج بها الإنسان المعلومات حول البشر الآخرين.

بدورها، قالت الباحثة بيا ديتز، من جامعة كاليفورنيا في إيرفين: “لقد حاولنا الإجابة عن هذا السؤال من خلال فحص عنصرين أساسيين في الذخيرة البشرية لفهم عقول بعضنا بعضا: الطريقة التي يتم بها قراءة الحالات العاطفية من وجوه الآخرين ومدى ميلنا لأخذ المنظور البصري لشخص آخر”.

قراءة العقول عبر العيون

وتم تحليل أداء الإدراك العاطفي لنحو 300 مشارك أميركي باستخدام اختبار قراءة “العقل عبر العين”، حيث تم عرض 36 صورة على كل مشارك تُظهر العيون والمناطق المحيطة بها لعدد متسلسل من الوجوه المختلفة. كما تم عرض قائمة بأربعة عواطف ومشاعر تتعلق بما تُظهره الوجوه في الصور.

وذكر الفريق البحثي في تقرير عن نتائج الدراسة، أنه كان هناك “اختلاف عكسي في الأداء والدقة فيما يتعلق بمجموعة من مهام التعاطف بين المشاركين”، بحسب الانتماء لكل طبقة اجتماعية.

هم الأفضل

وطلب الجزء الثاني من الدراسة من 138 طالبًا جامعيًا في جامعة نيويورك إكمال مهام التوجيه “اختبار مهمة المدير”، والتي كانت تقتضي قيام الأفراد بتحريك الأشياء على جهاز كمبيوتر بناءً على منظور الصورة الرمزية الافتراضية، في حين تكون بعض عناصر الصورة محجوبة عن المشارك وتكشف نتائج الاختبار عن مدى الانحياز الأناني وعدم استجابته لتوجيهات أو نصائح من يرى الصورة كاملة دون حجب أي عناصر.

كما كشفت نتائج الدراستين أن أداء أبناء الطبقة الدنيا كان أفضل في كل اختبار. وقالت الباحثة ديتز إن النتائج كشفت أن الأفراد من خلفيات الطبقة الاجتماعية الدنيا أفضل في التعرف على المشاعر من وجوه الآخرين ومن المرجح أن يأخذوا بشكل تلقائي المنظور البصري لشخص آخر”.

وتتماشى هذه النتائج مع مجموعة كبيرة من الأعمال البحثية، التي توثق ميل أفراد الطبقة الدنيا لأن يكونوا أكثر انسجامًا اجتماعيًا مع الآخرين.


سرعة تحديد المشاعر

وأظهرت الدراسة أيضًا أن الأفراد في الطبقة الدنيا كانوا قادرين على تحديد المشاعر في الصور “في غضون ثوانٍ أو أجزاء من الثانية من مواجهة وجه أو شخص جديد”.

وأوضح الفريق البحثي أنه تم إجراء الدراسة على أساس فرضية أن الطبقة الاجتماعية يمكن أن تؤثر على معالجة المعلومات الاجتماعية (أي معالجة المعلومات عن الأشخاص الآخرين) على هذا المستوى الأساسي لأنه يمكن تصور الطبقات الاجتماعية كشكل من أشكال الثقافة. وعلى هذا النحو، فإن ثقافات الطبقة الاجتماعية (مثل أشكال الثقافة الأخرى، على سبيل المثال، الثقافات الوطنية)، لها تأثير نفسي واسع الانتشار يؤثر على العديد من جوانب الحياة، في بعض الأحيان حتى على المستويات التلقائية.

 

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