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Notice: Function _load_textdomain_just_in_time was called incorrectly. Translation loading for the redux-framework domain was triggered too early. This is usually an indicator for some code in the plugin or theme running too early. Translations should be loaded at the init action or later. Please see Debugging in WordPress for more information. (This message was added in version 6.7.0.) in /home1/express/public_html/wp-includes/functions.php on line 6131

Notice: Function _load_textdomain_just_in_time was called incorrectly. Translation loading for the redux-framework domain was triggered too early. This is usually an indicator for some code in the plugin or theme running too early. Translations should be loaded at the init action or later. Please see Debugging in WordPress for more information. (This message was added in version 6.7.0.) in /home1/express/public_html/wp-includes/functions.php on line 6131

Notice: Function _load_textdomain_just_in_time was called incorrectly. Translation loading for the wp-plugin-hostgator domain was triggered too early. This is usually an indicator for some code in the plugin or theme running too early. Translations should be loaded at the init action or later. Please see Debugging in WordPress for more information. (This message was added in version 6.7.0.) in /home1/express/public_html/wp-includes/functions.php on line 6131

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تنتج 450 شمسا في السنة.. باحثون يكشفون أسرار مجرة نشطة - Algerian Express

تنتج 450 شمسا في السنة.. باحثون يكشفون أسرار مجرة نشطة


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الجيريان اكسبرس: أعاد فريق بحثي دولي، في دراسة نشرت الأثنين، بناء التاريخ التطوري لمجرة ضخمة للغاية كانت موجودة قبل 12 مليار سنة.

وهذا يعني أن ذلك تم عندما كان عمر الكون 1.8 مليار سنة فقط، أي أقل من 13٪ من عمره الحالي.

وتشكلت هذه المجرة الشابة، التي أطلق عليها اسم ( C1-23152)، في 500 مليون سنة فقط، وهو وقت قصير للغاية لتكوين كتلة تبلغ حوالي 200 مليار شمس.

وللقيام بذلك، أنتجت ما يصل إلى 450 نجما مثل الشمس سنويًا، أي أكثر من نجمة واحدة في اليوم، وهو معدل تشكل للنجوم أعلى بنحو 300 مرة من المعدل الحالي في مجرة درب التبانة.

وتصل كتل المجرات الأكثر ضخامة في الكون إلى مئات المليارات من كتلة الشمس، وعلى الرغم من أنها تمثل ثلث المجرات عدديا، إلا أنها تحتوي على أكثر من 70٪ من النجوم في الكون.

ولهذا السبب، فإن السرعة التي تشكلت بها هذه المجرات وديناميكياتها هي من بين الأسئلة الأكثر إثارة للجدل في الفيزياء الفلكية الحديثة.

ويتنبأ النموذج الحالي لتشكيل المجرات – ما يسمى بالنموذج الهرمي – بأن المجرات الأصغر تكونت في وقت سابق، بينما تشكلت أنظمة أكثر ضخامة فيما بعد، من خلال عمليات اندماج لاحقة للمجرات الأصغر الموجودة مسبقًا.


ومن ناحية أخرى، تشير بعض خصائص المجرات الأكثر ضخامة التي لوحظت في الكون المحلي، إلى أنها تشكلت في عهود مبكرة، ولسوء الحظ، فإن تنوع الظواهر التطورية التي يمكن أن تتعرض لها المجرات خلال حياتها لا تسمح لعلماء الفلك بتحديد الطريقة التي تشكلت بها، مما يترك هوامش كبيرة من عدم اليقين.

ومع ذلك، يمكن أن تأتي الإجابة على هذه الأسئلة من دراسة خصائص المجرات الضخمة في بدايات الكون.

وعبر 17 ساعة من الملاحظات الطيفية للمجرة الإهليلجية C1-23152 باستخدام التلسكوب ذو العينين الكبيرتين (LBT) نجح الفريق البحثي بقيادة باحثين من المعهد الوطني للفيزياء الفلكية بإيطاليا، في إعادة بناء تاريخها التطوري في فترة كان فيها الكون أقل من 13٪ من عمره الحالي.

و تُظهر البيانات أن زمن تكوين المجرة C1-23152 ، أي الوقت المنقضي بين تكوين النجوم الأولى من الغاز الموجود مسبقًا إلى اللحظة التي توقف فيها تكوين النجم تمامًا تقريبًا، أقل من 500 مليون .

ومن البيانات التي تم جمعها باستخدام التلسكوب ذو العينين الكبيرتين (LBT)، تمكن الباحثون أيضا من إثبات أنه في هذا الوقت القصير، الذي يقابل أقل من 4% من عمر الكون ، شكلت المجرة كتلة تساوي حوالي 200 مليار نجم مثل الشمس، أي حوالي 450 شمسا في السنة.

وبالإضافة إلى ذلك، سمحت الكمية الكبيرة من المعلومات التي تم جمعها للفريق باكتشاف أن نجوم هذه المجرة لديها نسبة معدنية أعلى من الشمس، على غرار تلك التي لوحظت في أكثر المجرات ضخامة في الكون اليوم.

من جانبه، يرى الدكتور خالد شكري، أستاذ العلوم الفلكية بالمعهد القومي للبحوث الفلكية في مصر، أن هذا السيناريو الذي يصف تكوين المجرة C1-23152، يمكن أن يكون له تأثير على اكتشافات تالية، كما سيدفع الباحثين لمراجعة بعض النظريات السابقة حول تكوين المجرات.

ويقول سيكون من المهم فهم ما إذا كان السيناريو الذي يصف تكوين هذه المجرة هو حالة خاصة بها، أو متكرر في معظم المجرات الضخمة في الكون “.

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