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Notice: Function _load_textdomain_just_in_time was called incorrectly. Translation loading for the redux-framework domain was triggered too early. This is usually an indicator for some code in the plugin or theme running too early. Translations should be loaded at the init action or later. Please see Debugging in WordPress for more information. (This message was added in version 6.7.0.) in /home1/express/public_html/wp-includes/functions.php on line 6131

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ما هي علاجات "كوفيد-19" الواعدة؟.. قائمة العقاقير المحتملة! - Algerian Express

ما هي علاجات “كوفيد-19” الواعدة؟.. قائمة العقاقير المحتملة!


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الجيريان اكسبرس: ما يزال السباق مستمرا لإيجاد علاج يعمل على القضاء على فيروس كورونا، مع تواصل المرض المميت في الانتشار حول العالم.

وفيما يلي قائمة بالعلاجات الواعدة واللقاحات المحتملة لـ SARS-CoV-2، الفيروس المسبب لـ”كوفيد-19″.

– “ريمديسيفير” (Remdesivir)

كان العقار التجريبي المضاد للفيروسات، الذي أنتجته شركة Gilead Sciences، أول دواء حصل على ترخيص استخدام طارئ من إدارة الأغذية والعقاقير الأمريكية. وطُوّر في البداية لعلاج التهاب الكبد الفيروسي C وRSV، وهو فيروس يمكن أن يسبب التهابات تنفسية خطيرة، ويعمل عن طريق منع الفيروسات من التكاثر عن طريق إدخال نفسها في الجينات المصابة.

وثبت مؤخرا أن “ريمديسيفير” قلل من خطر الوفاة لدى مرضى فيروس كورونا الحاد، بنسبة 62% خلال دراسة سريرية.

ووجدت دراسة سابقة أيضا أن عقار “ريمديسيفير” ساعد مرضى فيروس كورونا على التعافي بسرعة أكبر.

– “ديكساميثازون”

بدأ العديد من المستشفيات الأمريكية في استخدام الستيرويد المتاح على نطاق واسع لعلاج مرضى “كوفيد-19″ في يونيو، بعد أن وجدت دراسة أولية أجراها باحثون بريطانيون أن العقار غير المكلف يقلل من خطر الوفاة بنحو الثلث لدى المرضى، الذين يحتاجون إلى مساعدة للتنفس أو الأكسجين.

ويستخدم العقار المضاد للالتهابات في علاج الوذمة والأورام في العمود الفقري والتهاب المخ والعين. كما أنه يستخدم كعلاج لأنواع معينة من أمراض المناعة الذاتية والسرطانات، بما في ذلك اللوكيميا والورم الليمفاوي والورم النخاعي المتعدد.

ولكن الـ”ديكساميثازون” قد يضر أكثر من نفعه للمرضى، الذين يعانون من حالات الإصابة الخفيفة بفيروس كورونا. ولا توصي المعاهد الوطنية للصحة باستخدام العقار لدى أولئك، الذين لا يحتاجون إلى أكسجين إضافي أو جهاز التنفس الصناعي.

– RLF-100

ويسمى أيضا “أفيبتاديل”، وهو شكل اصطناعي من الببتيد الطبيعي، الذي يحمي الرئة. ومُنح العلاج للتو تصنيفا سريعا للاستخدام في حالات الطوارئ في الولايات المتحدة من قبل إدارة الأغذية والعقاقير الأمريكية.

– “إنترفيرون بيتا”

ساعد شكل قابل للاستنشاق من “إنترفيرون بيتا”، وهو بروتين ينتجه الجسم في محاربة عدوى فيروسية، في تقليل احتمالات إصابة المرضى بحالات خطيرة من فيروس كورونا بنسبة 79%، وفقا لدراسة أولية من المرحلة الأولى من التجربة السريرية التي صدرت الشهر الماضي. ويُستنشق العلاج، الذي طورته شركة Synairgen البريطانية ، مباشرة في الرئتين.

ومع ذلك، أجريت التجربة على مجموعة صغيرة فقط من المرضى.

– اللقاحات

يجري حاليا تطوير أكثر من 165 لقاحا لفيروس كورونا – ووصل 27 لقاحا لمرحلة التجارب البشرية، وفقا لصحيفة “نيويورك تايمز”.

وقامت إدارة الرئيس الأمريكي، دونالد ترامب، بتخصيص مبالغ كبيرة من التمويل للعديد من اللقاحات المحتملة، التي تطورها شركات مثل “موديرنا” و”جونسون آند جونسون” و”أسترازينيكا”. والهدف هو تقديم 300 مليون جرعة من لقاح فعال ضد فيروس كورونا بحلول يناير.

ووصلت “موديرنا” إلى المرحلة الثالثة من تجربتها البشرية، بعد أن وجدت دراسة أن القرود التي حُقنت باللقاح المرشح – mRNA-1273 – طورت مناعة ضد “كوفيد-19”.

وتبين أن اللقاح الذي طورته شركة “جونسون آند جونسون”، نتائجه مماثلة على القرود.

وتعمل شركة Pfizer أيضا على 4 لقاحات تجريبية مع BioNTech الألمانية، بما في ذلك اللقاح الذي ساعد المتطوعين في تجارب المرحلتين الأولى والثانية، على تطوير أجسام مضادة ضد فيروس كورونا.

وتقوم Novavax أيضا بتطوير لقاح – NVX-CoV2373. وخصصت الحكومة الأمريكية 1.6 مليار دولار لشركة التكنولوجيا الحيوية الشهر الماضي، لمساعدتها على بدء الإنتاج وتمويل المرحلة الثالثة من التجارب السريرية مع ما يصل إلى 30 ألف مشارك، من المقرر أن تبدأ في الخريف.

المصدر: نيويورك بوست
Algerian Express/الجزائر/اخبار الجزائر/امريكا/اخبار امريكا

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